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                  <text>Denison University Archives &amp; Special Collections holds 72 medieval manuscript leaves that date between **** and ****. Medieval is defined by the time period of ****-****. Manuscript is defined by the object being handwritten rather than printed.  A leaf is defined as being a single page out of a book, also sometimes called a folio.</text>
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              <text>Recto Translation: O rarest virgin pure, Of all that meekest waste, Discharged of our sin, Make thou us meek, and chaste.&#13;
Grant that our life be pure, Make safe for us the way, That while we Jesus see, Our joy may last for ay.&#13;
To God the father praise, To Christ high worship be, And to the holy Ghost, One honour unto three. Amen. V: Grace is poured out in thy lips. R: Therefore God hath blessed... &#13;
&#13;
Verso Translation: &#13;
&#13;
...thee forever. Ant: O blessed mother. Psalm.&#13;
&#13;
[Luke 1] My soul: doth magnify our Lord. And my spirit hath rejoiced: in God my saviour. Because he hath regarded the humility of his handmaid: for behold from henceforth all generations shall call me blessed. Because he that is mighty, hath done great things to me: and holy is his name.&#13;
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              <text>Recto Transcription: Virgo singularis inter omnes mitis, nos culpis solutos, mites fac, et castos.&#13;
Vitam praesta puram, iter para tutum, ut videntes Iesum, semper collaetemur.&#13;
Sit laus Deo patri, summo Christo decus, spiritui sancto, tribus honor unus. Amen. V: Diffusa est gratia in labiis tuis. R: Propterea benedixit&#13;
&#13;
Verso Transcription: &#13;
&#13;
te Deus in aeternum. Ant: Beata mater. Psalmus.&#13;
Magnificat: anima mea Dominum.&#13;
Et exultavit spiritus meus: in Deo salutari meo.&#13;
Quia respexit humilitatem ancillae suae: ecce enim ex hoc beatam me dicent omnes generationes.&#13;
Quia fecit mihi magna, qui potens est: et sanctum nomen eius.&#13;
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                <text>E0036 Leaf from a Book of Hours (Horæ Beatæ Mariæ Virginis)</text>
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                <text>France; Middle 15th Century. Latin Text; Angular Gothic Script.&#13;
&#13;
Books of Hours, beautifully written, enriched with burnished gold initials, and adorned with miniature paintings, were frequently the most treasured possessions of the devout and wealthy layman. They were not only carried to chapel but were often kept at the bedside at night. Oaths were sworn on them. Books of this small size, two and one-half by three and one-half inches, are comparatively rare. The craftsmanship in this example imitates and equals that in a volume of ordinary size, about five by seven inches. Recently these small "pocket" editions have been given the nickname "baby manuscripts." In general, the miniature Books of Hours contain only that section of the complete volume which deals with the prayers to be read or recited at the canonical hours; namely, matins, vespers, nocturns, and those for the prime, tierce, sext, nones, and complin. Indulgences were often granted for the faithful reading or recitation of these prayers.&#13;
&#13;
This is the smallest of the 50 leaves in the Ege portfolios; each side contains just thirteen lines of text. These leaves were not separated easily: their inner margins are ragged, and scraps of the other half of a split bifolium are often visible. The rubrication and decoration/illumination remain vivid, sometimes overwhelming the fading text ink.&#13;
&#13;
Text: Based on the leaves we have seen, this Book of Hours accords with the Use of Rome (see Leaf 36 in the Cleveland Public Library portfolio, which contains the "Dum Esset" antiphon). This leaf is one of six containing text from the Hours of the Virgin at Vespers; specifically, it contains the beginning of the Magnificat.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Middle 15th century</text>
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                <text>Item in public domain.&amp;nbsp;Description provided by Dr. Fred Porcheddu-Engel via the Otto F. Ege digital collection. &lt;a href="http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_36.php"&gt;http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_36.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Reconstruction Note: In Ege's original manuscript this leaf was followed by what is now Leaf 36 in the Lima Public Library portfolio.</text>
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                  <text>Denison University Archives &amp; Special Collections holds 72 medieval manuscript leaves that date between **** and ****. Medieval is defined by the time period of ****-****. Manuscript is defined by the object being handwritten rather than printed.  A leaf is defined as being a single page out of a book, also sometimes called a folio.</text>
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      <name>Medieval manuscript leaf</name>
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              <text>Recto Transcription: &#13;
&#13;
[column A]&#13;
&#13;
et in commentariis, secundum omnium consuetudinem, varias ponere explanationes, ut e multis sequatur unusquisque quod velit. Quod quidem te puto et in saeculari litteratura, et in divinis Libris legisse, et probasse. [3. 6.] Hanc autem explanationem, quam primus Origenes in decimo Stromatum libro, ubi Epistolam Pauli ad Galatas interpretatur, et caeteri deinceps interpretes sunt secuti, illa vel maxime causa subintroducunt, ut Porphyrio respondeant blasphemanti, qui Pauli arguit procacitatem, quod principem Apostolorum Petrum ausus est reprehendere, et arguere in faciem, ac ratione constringere, quod male fecerit, id est, in eo errore fuerit, in quo fuit ipse qui alium arguit delinquentem.&#13;
&#13;
Quid dicam de Ioanne, qui dudum in pontificali gradu Constantinopolitanam rexit Ecclesiam, et proprie super hoc capitulo latissimum exaravit librum, in quo Origenis et veterum sententiam est secutus? Si igitur me reprehendis errantem, patere me, quaeso, errare cum talibus; et cum me erroris mei multos socios habere perspexeris, tu veritatis tuae saltem unum adstipulatorem proferre debebis. Haec de explanatione unius capituli Epistolae ad Galatas.&#13;
&#13;
[3. 7.] Sed ne videar adversus rationem tuam niti testium numero, et occasione virorum illustrium subterfugere veritatem, nec manum audere conserere, breviter de Scripturis exempla proponam. In Actibus Apostolorum, vox facta est ad Petrum dicens, Surge, Petre, occide et manduca id est, omnia animalia quadrupedum, et serpentium terrae, et volatilium coeli. Quo&#13;
&#13;
[column B]&#13;
&#13;
dicto, ostenditur nullum hominem secundum naturam esse pollutum, sed aequaliter omnes ad Christi Evangelium provocari. Ad quod respondit Petrus: Absit, quia numquam manducavi commune et immundum. Et vox ad eum de coelo secundo facta est, dicens: Quae Deus mundavit, tu ne commune dixeris. Ivit itaque Caesaream, et ingressus ad Cornelium, aperiens os suum, dixit: In veritate comperi, quia non est personarum acceptor Deus; sed in omni gente, qui timet eum et operatur iustitiam, acceptus est illi. Denique cecidit Spiritus sanctus super eos, et obstupuerunt ex circumcisione fideles, qui venerant cum Petro, quod et in Nationes gratia Spiritus sancti fuisset effusa. Tunc respondit Petrus: Numquid aquam quis prohibere potest, ut non baptizari. Audierunt autem Apostoli et fratres qui erant in Iudaea, quia et gentes receperunt verbum Dei. Cum autem ascendisset Petrus Ierosolymam, disceptabant adversus illum qui erant ex circumcisione, dicentes: Quare introisti ad viros praeputium habentes, et manducasti cum illis? Quibus omni ratione exposita, novissime orationem suam hoc sermone conclusit: Si ergo eamdem gratiam dedit illis Deus, sicut et nobis qui credidimus in Dominum Iesum Christum; ego quis eram, qui possem prohibere Deum? His auditis, tacuerunt; et glorificaverunt Deum dicentes: Ergo et Gentibus Deus poenitentiam ad vitam dedit.&#13;
&#13;
Sursum, cum multo post tempore&#13;
&#13;
Verso Transcription: &#13;
&#13;
[column A]&#13;
&#13;
Paulus et Barnabas venissent Antiochiam, et, congregata Ecclesia, retulissent quanta fecisset Deus cum illis, et quia aperuisset Deus Gentibus ostium fidei; quidam, descendentes de Iudaea, docebant fratres atque dicebant: Nisi circumcidamini secundum morem Moysi, non potestis salvi fieri. Commota igitur seditione non minima adversus Paulum et Barnabam, statuerunt ascendere et ipsi qui accusabantur, et hi qui accusabant, ad Apostolos et presbyteros Ierosolymam super hac quaestione. Cumque Ierosolymam perrexissent, surrexissent quidam de haeresi Pharisaeorum, qui crediderant in Christum, dicentes: Oportet circumcidi eos, et praecipere illis ut servent Legem Moysi. Et cum magna super hoc verbo oriretur quaestio, Petrus solita libertate: Viri, inquit, fratres, vos scitis quoniam ab antiquis diebus in nobis elegit Deus per os meum audire Gentes verbum Evangelii et credere; et qui novit corda Deus, testimonium perhibuit, dans illis Spiritum sanctum, sicut et nobis, et nihil discrevit inter nos et illos, fide purificans corda illorum. Nunc autem quid tentatis Deum imponere iugum super cervicem discipulorum, quod neque patres nostri, neque nos portare potuimus? Sed per gratiam Domini nostri Iesu Christi credimus salvari, quemadmodum et illi. Tacuit autem omnis multitudo, et in sententiam eius Iacobus apostolus, et omnes simul presbyteri transierunt.&#13;
&#13;
[3. 8.] Haec non debent molesta esse lectori, sed et illi et mihi utilia, ut probemus, ante apostolum Paulum non ignorasse Petrum, imo princi-&#13;
&#13;
[column B]&#13;
&#13;
-pem huius fuisse decreti, Legem post Evangelium non esse servandam. Denique tantae Petrus auctoritatis fuit, ut Paulus in Epistola sua scripserit: Deinde post annos tres veni Ierosolymam videre Petrum, et mansi apud eum diebus quindecim. Rursumque in consequentibus: Post annos quatuordecim ascendi iterum Ierosolymam cum Barnaba, assumpto et Tito. Ascendi autem secundum revelationem, et exposui eis Evangelium quod praedico inter Gentes: ostendens se non habuisse securitatem Evangelii praedicandi, nisi Petri, et qui cum eo erant, fuisset sententia roboratum. Statimque sequitur: Separatim autem his qui videbantur aliquid esse, ne forte in vacuum currerem aut cucurrissem. Quare separatim, et non in publico? Ne forte fidelibus ex numero Iudaeorum, qui Legem putabant esse servandam, et sic credendum in Domino Salvatore, fidei scandulum nasceretur. Ergo et eo tempore cum Petrus venisset Antiochiam (licet hoc Apostolorum Acta non scribant, sed affirmanti Paulo credendum sit), in faciem illi Paulus restitisse se scribit, quia reprehensibilis erat. Prius enim quam venirent quidam a Iacobo, cum Gentibus edebat; cum autem venissent, subtrahebat se, et segregabat, timens eos qui ex circumcisione erant. Et consenserunt cum illo caeteri Iudaei, ita ut et Barnabas adduceretur ab his in illam simulationem. Sed cum vidissem, inquit, quod non recte ingrediuntur ad veritatem Evangelii, dixi Petro coram omnibus:&#13;
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                <text>E0035 Leaf from the Writings of St. Jerome (Sanctus Hieronymus, Contra Jovinianum)</text>
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                <text>France; Middle 15th Century. Latin Text; Lettre de Somme. Jerome, the father of the Latin Church and translator of the Bible, shows in his writing his active participation in the controversies of his day (c. 332 to 420 A.D.). With the frequent use of vehement invective, he is often as biting as Juvenal or Martial. This fine book hand, lettre de somme, obtained its name from the fact that Fust and Schoeffer used a type based on it for the printing of their Summa Theologica of St. Thomas Aquinas in 1467. It was the favorite manuscript book hand in the second half of the 15th century for the transcribing of French chronicles and romances. Simplicity and dignity are maintained by omitting all enrichment around the burnished gold letters. The first printed books followed the practice seen here of marking off by hand and with a stroke of red the capitals at the beginning of each sentence. Fifteenth century ink frequently had a tendency to fade to a gray tone as in this example. The vellum is smooth and consistent. The first letter of sentences is pricked in red, and large initials are presented in gold and blue. Some text has been indicated with a marginal line in dark brown ink. Text: This leaf contains text from Jerome's Letter 75, addressed to St. Augustine in c.403.</text>
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                <text>Item in public domain.&amp;nbsp;Description provided by Dr. Fred Porcheddu-Engel via the Otto F. Ege digital collection. &lt;a href="http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_35.php"&gt;http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_35.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Denison University Archives &amp; Special Collections holds 72 medieval manuscript leaves that date between **** and ****. Medieval is defined by the time period of ****-****. Manuscript is defined by the object being handwritten rather than printed.  A leaf is defined as being a single page out of a book, also sometimes called a folio.</text>
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              <text>Recto Translation: &#13;
&#13;
[Psalms 96:7-12; Psalms 97:1-9]&#13;
&#13;
Adore him, all you his angels: 8 Sion heard, and was glad. And the daughters of Juda rejoiced, because of thy judgments, O Lord. 9 For thou art the most high Lord over all the earth: thou art exalted exceedingly above all gods. 10 You that love the Lord, hate evil: the Lord preserveth the souls of his saints, he will deliver them out of the hand of the sinner. 11 Light is risen to the just, and joy to the right of heart. 12 Rejoice, ye just, in the Lord: and give praise to the remembrance of his holiness.&#13;
&#13;
Sing ye to the Lord a new canticle: because he hath done wonderful things. His right hand hath wrought for him salvation, and his arm is holy. 2 The Lord hath made known his salvation: he hath revealed his justice in the sight of the Gentiles. 3 He hath remembered his mercy and his truth toward the house of Israel. All the ends of the earth have seen the salvation of our God. 4 Sing joyfully to God, all the earth; make melody, rejoice and sing. 5 Sing praise to the Lord on the harp, on the harp, and with the voice of a psalm: 6 with long trumpets, and sound of cornet. Make a joyful noise before the Lord our king: 7 let the sea be moved and the fulness thereof: the world and they that dwell therein. 8 The rivers shall clap their hands, the mountains shall rejoice together 9 at the presence...&#13;
&#13;
Verso Translation: &#13;
&#13;
[Psalms 97:9; Psalms 98:1-9; Psalms 99:2]&#13;
&#13;
...of the Lord: because he cometh to judge the earth. He shall judge the world with justice, and the people with equity.&#13;
&#13;
The Lord hath reigned, let the people be angry: he that sitteth on the cherubims: let the earth be moved. 2 The Lord is great in Sion, and high above all people. 3 Let them give praise to thy great name: for it is terrible and holy: 4 and the king's honour loveth judgment. Thou hast prepared directions: thou hast done judgment and justice in Jacob. 5 Exalt ye the Lord our God, and adore his footstool, for it is holy. 6 Moses and Aaron among his priests: and Samuel among them that call upon his name. They called upon the Lord, and he heard them: 7 he spoke to them in the pillar of the cloud. They kept his testimonies, and the commandment which he gave them. 8 Thou didst hear them, O Lord our God: thou wast a merciful God to them, and taking vengeance on all their inventions. 9 Exalt ye the Lord our God, and adore at his holy mountain: for the Lord our God is holy.&#13;
&#13;
Sing joyfully to God, all the earth: serve ye the Lord with gladness.&#13;
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              <text>Recto Transcription: &#13;
&#13;
Adoráte eum omnes ángeli ejus. Audívit, et lætáta est Sion,&#13;
Et exsultavérunt fíliæ Judæ propter judícia tua, Dómine.&#13;
Quóniam tu Dóminus altíssimus super omnem terram; nimis exaltátus es super omnes deos.&#13;
Qui dilígitis Dóminum, odíte malum: custódit Dóminus ánimas sanctórum suórum; de manu peccatóris liberábit eos.&#13;
Lux orta est justo, et rectis corde lætítia.&#13;
Lætámini, justi, in Dómino, et confitémini memóriæ sanctificatiónis ejus. Ant. [ ]&#13;
&#13;
Cantáte Dómino cánticum novum, quia mirabília fecit.&#13;
Salvávit sibi déxtera ejus, et bráchium sanctum ejus.&#13;
Notum fecit Dóminus salutáre suum; in conspéctu géntium revelávit justítiam suam.&#13;
Recordátus est misericórdiæ suæ, et veritátis suæ dómui Israël.&#13;
Vidérunt omnes términi terræ salutáre Dei nostri. Jubiláte Deo, omnis terra; cantáte, et exsultáte, et psállite.&#13;
Psállite Dómino in cíthara; in cíthara et voce psalmi; in tubis ductílibus, et voce tubæ córneæ.&#13;
Jubiláte in conspéctu regis Dómini: moveátur mare, et plenitúdo ejus; orbis terrárum, et qui hábitant in eo.&#13;
Flúmina plaudent manu; simul montes exsultábunt a con-&#13;
&#13;
[The text below the staff has not yet been transcribed.]&#13;
&#13;
Verso Transcription: &#13;
&#13;
-spéctu Dómini: quóniam venit judicáre terram.&#13;
Judicábit orbem terrárum in justítia, et pópulos in æquitáte.&#13;
&#13;
Dóminus regnávit: irascántur pópuli; qui sedet super chérubim: moveátur terra.&#13;
Dóminus in Sion magnus, et excélsus super omnes pópulos.&#13;
Confiteántur nómini tuo magno, quóniam terríbile et sanctum est, et honor regis judícium díligit.&#13;
Tu parásti directiónes; judícium et justítiam in Jacob tu fecísti.&#13;
Exaltáte Dóminum Deum nostrum, et adoráte scabéllum pedum ejus, quóniam sanctum est.&#13;
Móyses et Áaron in sacerdótibus ejus, et Sámuel inter eos qui ínvocant nomen ejus:&#13;
Invocábant Dóminum, et ipse exaudiébat eos; in colúmna nubis loquebátur ad eos.&#13;
Custodiébant testimónia ejus, et præcéptum quod dedit illis.&#13;
Dómine Deus noster, tu exaudiébas eos; Deus, tu propítius fuísti eis, et ulcíscens in omnes adinventiónes eórum.&#13;
Exaltáte Dóminum Deum nostrum, et adoráte in monte sancto ejus, quóniam sanctus Dóminus Deus noster. Ant. [ ]&#13;
&#13;
Jubiláte Deo, omnis terra; servíte Dómino in lætítia.&#13;
&#13;
[The text below the staff has not yet been transcribed.]&#13;
&#13;
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>E0034 Leaf from a Psalter (Psalterium)</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Psalter</text>
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                <text> Italy; Middle 15th Century. Latin Text; Rotunda Book Hand, square notations.&#13;
&#13;
This Psalter was written by Carthusian monks. Of all the orders the Carthusian was the smallest and most austere. The membership never exceeded one per cent of those enrolled in the combined monastic orders. The Carthusians were frequently hermits, and manuscripts written by them are rare.&#13;
&#13;
The rotunda book hand used in this leaf is representative of the general excellence maintained by Italian scribes at the time when printing was being introduced into their country. The simple melody for the Psalms apparently was added at a somewhat later date. Close observation of the initial letters will frequently reveal a small black letter inserted as a guide for the monk who later added the color initial. The use of two guide lines for the lettering is unusual. Ordinarily one line, below the writing, was deemed sufficient. The lines were drawn with a stylus composed of two parts lead and one part tin. &#13;
&#13;
The vellum of this leaf is yellowed with substantial wrinkling around the edges. The lining has been done in ink, with black for the primary text (showing indications of wear) and red, blue, and purple in the decoration. This leaf is not illuminated, but decorative details include large and small red and blue initials. The large initials have a purple interior and exterior line decoration as an accompaniment.&#13;
&#13;
Text: Psalms 96:7-12 and Psalms 97:1-9 (recto); Psalms 97:9, Psalms 98:1-9, and Psalms 99:2 (verso).</text>
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                <text>Item in public domain.&amp;nbsp;Description provided by Dr. Fred Porcheddu-Engel via the Otto F. Ege digital collection. &lt;a href="http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_34.php"&gt;http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_34.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Germany; Middle 15th Century. Latin Text; Angular Gothic Script.&#13;
&#13;
The Missal, written for the convenience of the priests, combined the separate books formerly used in different parts of the service; namely, the Oratorium, Lectionarium, Evangeliarium, Canon, and others. Gutenberg, who printed his famous First Bible about the time this manuscript was written, based his type designs on a contemporary book hand similar to this example. The craftsmen who created this manuscript had the difficult problem of evolving a harmonious page with two sizes of writing, inserted rubrics, and large and small colored initials. The smaller writing is used for the Orationes, the Psalms, the Secreta, and other parts of the service; the larger script for the Sequentia. &#13;
&#13;
The main text of these large leaves is rendered in a dark slate-colored ink, with gradations that enable us to see when the scribe has dipped his pen. Some leaves include a striking ribboned capital letter in the top line highlighted in red. The first letter of each sentence is pricked in red, and each recto contains a red foliation (letter and Roman numeral) in the top center margin.&#13;
&#13;
Text: Not yet identified.</text>
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                <text>Item in public domain.&amp;nbsp; Description provided by Dr. Fred Porcheddu-Engel via the Otto F. Ege digital collection. &lt;a href="http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_33.php"&gt;http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_33.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Italy (Florence); Middle 15th Century. Latin Text; Rotunda Gothic Script, square notations.&#13;
&#13;
A Gradual contains the appropriate antiphons of a mass sung by the choir of the Latin Church on Sundays and special holidays. The text was furnished largely by the 150 Psalms and the Canticles of the Old and New Testaments. The superb example of calligraphy in this leaf illustrates the supremacy of the Italian scribes of the time over those of the rest of Europe. It is frequently assumed that this late revival of fine writing may have been caused by the concern of scribes over the impending competition with the newly invented art of printing. The music staff still retains here the early 12th century form with the C-line colored yellow and the F-line red. The four-line red staff had been in use for over two centuries before this manuscript was written. &#13;
&#13;
 A very attractive feature of the decoration is the fine penwork in the flourishes around the Lombardic initials, including a delicate purple. Some leaves from this manuscript retain visible follicle evidence of a piebald skin source.&#13;
&#13;
Text: Not yet identified.</text>
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                <text>Item in public domain. Description provided by Dr. Fred Porcheddu-Engel via the Otto F. Ege digital collection. &lt;a href="http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_32.php"&gt;http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_32.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Denison University Leaf 32, &lt;em&gt;Fifty Original Leaves from Medieval Manuscripts&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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              <text>Recto Translation: &#13;
&#13;
[Luke 2] ...thy word in peace. Because mine eyes have seen: thy salvation. Which thou hast prepared: before the face of all peoples. A light to the revelation of the gentiles: and the glory of thy people Israel. Glory be to the father. As it was in the beginning.&#13;
&#13;
Ant: Under thy aid we make our refuge O holy mother of God: despise not our petitions in our necessities but deliver us ever from all dangers O glorious, and blessed virgin. Lord have mercy upon us. Christ have mercy upon us. Lord have mercy upon us.&#13;
&#13;
Verso Translation: &#13;
&#13;
O Lord graciously hear my prayer. And let my cry come unto thee.&#13;
&#13;
Let us pray. We beseech thee O Lord that the glorious intercession of the ever blessed, and glorious virgin Mary, may protect us, and bring us to life everlasting. Through. For all the saints. Ant: O all ye saints of God vouchsafe to make intercession for ours and all others salvation.&#13;
&#13;
V: Be glad in our Lord, and rejoice ye just. R: And glory all ye right of heart.&#13;
&#13;
[4 lines untranslated.]&#13;
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              <text>Recto Transcription: verbum tuum in pace. Quia viderunt oculi mei: salutare tuum. Quod parasti: ante faciem omnium populorum. Lumen ad revelationem gentium: et gloriam plebis tuae Israel. Gloria patri. Sicut erat. Ant: Sub tuum praesidium confugimus sancta Dei genitrix: nostras deprecationes ne despicias in necessitatibus: sed a periculis cunctis libera nos semper virgo gloriosa, et benedicta. Kyrie eleison. Christe eleison. Kyrie eleison.&#13;
&#13;
Verso Transcription: &#13;
&#13;
Domine exaudi. Et clamor. Oremus.&#13;
&#13;
Beatae, et gloriosae semperque virginis Mariae, quaesumus Domine, intercessio gloriosa nos protegat, et ad vitam eternam nos perducat. Per. De omnibus sanctis. Ant. Sancti dei omnis intercedere dignemini pro nostra omniumque salute. V: Laetamini in Domino, et exultate iusti. Et gloriamini omnes recti corde. Oremus.&#13;
&#13;
Exaudi nos deus salutaris nostris et apostolorum tuorum petri et pauli et aliorum apostolorum nos tuere presidiis quorum&#13;
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                <text>E0029 Leaf from a Book of Hours (Horæ Beatæ Mariæ Virginis)</text>
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                <text>France; Middle 15th Century. Latin Text; Angular Gothic Script.&#13;
&#13;
It is generally no great task to assign these illuminated Books of Hours to a particular country or period. The treatment of the ivy spray with the single line stem and rather sparse foliage is characteristic of the work of the French monastic scribes about the year 1450 A.D. The occasional appearance of the strawberry indicates that the illuminating was done by a Benedictine monk. Fifty years earlier the stem would have been wider and colored, and the foliage rich; fifty years later the ivy and holly leaves would be entangled with flowers and acanthus foliage.&#13;
&#13;
This leaf allows us to see the dramatic difference between the size of a text block and the size of a leaf. The text block is ruled in red.&#13;
&#13;
Text: Based on the leaves we have seen, this Book of Hours accords with the Use of Rome. This leaf contains text from the Hours of the Virgin at Vespers or Compline, including the Song of Simeon from Luke 2 (recto).</text>
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                <text>Item in public domain.&amp;nbsp;Description provided by Dr. Fred Porcheddu-Engel via the Otto F. Ege digital collection. &lt;a href="http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_29.php"&gt;http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_29.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Denison University Leaf 29, &lt;em&gt;Fifty Original Leaves from Medieval Manuscripts&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Denison University Archives &amp; Special Collections holds 72 medieval manuscript leaves that date between **** and ****. Medieval is defined by the time period of ****-****. Manuscript is defined by the object being handwritten rather than printed.  A leaf is defined as being a single page out of a book, also sometimes called a folio.</text>
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              <text>Recto Translation: [Responses not yet translated.] Hymn.&#13;
&#13;
O how glorious art thou, dazzling with light,&#13;
stock of David, royal offspring!&#13;
Thou dwellest in a sublime height, O Virgin Mary,&#13;
Looking down on all the heavenly regions.&#13;
&#13;
Thou, with the honor of being a virgin and mother,&#13;
hast prepared for the Lord of Angels thy bosom&#13;
as a sacred palace, thy most holy womb,&#13;
from whence God took flesh, and was born Christ.&#13;
&#13;
Verso Translation: Thou, whom the whole world venerates and pays homage,&#13;
before whom all now rightfully bend the knee,&#13;
To whom we humbly beseech in our misery and darkness,&#13;
coming before thee surrounded by the joy of pure light.&#13;
&#13;
O Father of all lights, through this sacred Flame&#13;
give unto us thy only Begotten Son,&#13;
who with Thee reigns brilliantly in the heavens,&#13;
ruling and governing for all ages. Amen.&#13;
&#13;
Verse. Thou didst remain an inviolate virgin after thy childbearing. R. O mother of God pray for us. Ant. Holy Mary. Psalm.&#13;
&#13;
My soul doth magnify the Lord.&#13;
</text>
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              <text>Recto Transcription:  R. Christi virgo dilectissima virtutum operatrix opem fer miseris subveni domina clamantibus ad te iugiter. V. Quoniam peccatorum mole premimur et non est qui adiuvet. Subveni domina. Gloria patri. Subveni. Hymnus.&#13;
&#13;
O quam glorifica luce coruscas,&#13;
Stirpis Davidicae regia proles!&#13;
Sublimis residens, Virgo Maria,&#13;
Supra caeligenas aetheris omnes.&#13;
&#13;
Tu cum virgineo mater honore,&#13;
Anglorum Domino pectoris aulam&#13;
Sacris visceribus casta parasti;&#13;
Natus hinc Deus est corpore Christus.&#13;
&#13;
Verso Transcription: Quem cunctus venerans orbis adorat,&#13;
cui nunc rite genuflectitur omne;&#13;
A quo te, petimus, subveniente,&#13;
Abjectis tenebris, gaudia lucis.&#13;
&#13;
Hoc largire Pater luminis omnis,&#13;
Natum per proprium, Flamine sacro,&#13;
Qui tecum nitida vivit in aethra&#13;
Regnans, ac moderans saecula cuncta. Amen.&#13;
&#13;
Verset. Post partum virgo in violata permansisti. R. Dei genitrix intercede pro nobis. Ant. Sancta Maria. Ps.&#13;
&#13;
Magnificat anima mea dominum</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>E0028 Leaf from a Book of Hours (Horæ Beatæ Mariæ Virginis)</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Book of Hours</text>
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                <text>Northern France; Middle 15th Century. Latin Text; Angular Gothic Script.&#13;
&#13;
This Book of Hours shows definite characteristics of the manuscript art of France and the Netherlands of about 1450 A.D. It was probably one of many copies prepared for sale at a shrine to which devout pilgrims came to worship or to seek a cure. The spiked letters and the detatched ornamental bar are unmistakably Flemish in spirit, while the free ivy sprays are distinctively French. The burnished metal in the decorations shows the use of alloyed gold (oro di metà) as well as silver.&#13;
&#13;
Various metals were added in different localities to the fine gold. English illuminations frequently had a decided orange hue, while the French had a lemon cast. The quality of the gold was best enhanced by the use of burnishing tools equipped with an emerald, a topaz, or a ruby. Less successful burnishers contained an agate or the tooth of a wolf, a horse, or a dog.&#13;
&#13;
The metal alloys have tarnished, and there is visible chemical deterioration of the vellum. Some of the leaves display smudging of the ink when still wet.&#13;
&#13;
Text: The leaves we have seen indicate that this Book of Hours accords with the Use of Metz; see especially Leaf 28 in the Kent State, Denison, Kenyon, and Lima portfolios for evidence. This leaf contains text from the Hours of the Virgin at Vespers, including the entire text of the hymn "O quam glorifica luce."</text>
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                <text>Item in public domain. Description provided by Dr. Fred Porcheddu-Engel via the Otto F. Ege digital collection. &lt;a href="http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_28.php"&gt;http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_28.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>E0027 Leaf from an Antiphonal (Antiphonarium)</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Italy; Early 15th Century. Latin Text; Rotunda Gothic Script, Gregorian Notation.&#13;
&#13;
The chanting of hymns during ecclesiastical rites goes back to the beginning of Christian services. Antiphonal or responsive singing is said to have been introduced in the second century by St. Ignatius of Antioch. According to legend, he had a vision of a heavenly choir singing in honor of the Blessed Trinity in the responsive manner. Many of the more than four hundred antiphons which have survived the centuries are elaborate in their musical structure. They were sung in the medieval church by the first cantor and his assistants. Candle grease stains reveal that this small-sized antiphonal was doubtless carried in processions in dimly lighted cathedrals. In this example the notation is written on the four-line red staff which was in general use by the end of the 12th century. The script is the usual form of Italian rotunda with bold Lombardic initial letters.&#13;
&#13;
The chief visual interest is the four-line staves rendered in strong red ink; there are seven of these per recto or verso, and the Lombardic initials are sized to fit perfectly between them. The black ink used for the notes and the text is less substantial. The pages exhibit two forms of numbering: Roman numerals in the center of the top margin, and Arabic numerals in the upper right corner.&#13;
&#13;
Note: It is possible that Ege's manuscript contained components (individual leaves, bifolia, or gatherings) from diverse sources. Most of the Leaf 27s conform to the description above, but Leaf 27 in the Ohio State University and Rochester Institute of Technology portfolios are clearly different. (Porcheddu frag. 1 is a sister leaf to the Ohio State leaf). Either these leaves had been bound into Ege's antiphonal, or they were supplied for those portfolios from other sources without the substitution being noted.&#13;
&#13;
Text: Not yet identified.</text>
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&#13;
The fact that this Missal honors particular saints by its calendar and litany indicates that it was made by friars of the Franciscan order. This was established in 1209 by St. Francis. These wandering friars with their humility, love of nature and men, and their joyous religious ferver, soon became one of the largest orders in Europe.&#13;
&#13;
This leaf, with its well written, pointed characters and decorative initial letters, has lost some of its pristine beauty, doubtless through occasional exposure to dampness over a period of 600 years. The green tone of the ink is more frequently found in English manuscripts than in French. However, the ornament and miniature on the opening page of the manuscript definitely indicate that it is of French origin.&#13;
&#13;
 The dark slate-colored ink used for the text of this leaf has been worn away over the years, sometimes significantly; this, combined with the angularity of the script, makes reading it rather difficult. The decorations are few but are neatly done; even small decorated bars or letters are illuminated. A distinctive presence of color is achieved by red underlining, which is extensive in some places.&#13;
&#13;
Text: Not yet identified.</text>
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                <text>Item in public domain.&amp;nbsp;Description provided by Dr. Fred Porcheddu-Engel via the Otto F. Ege digital collection. &lt;a href="http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_26.php"&gt;http://ege.denison.edu/denison_leaf_26.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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&#13;
eustes quant vostre dous filz reput. v. mile hommes de. v. pains dorge &amp; de. ii. poissons. Pechez li douce dame q'l veille mes v. cenz gouimer. Ave Maria.&#13;
&#13;
E tres douce dame pour icelle grant pitie que vous eustes quant vostre dous fis souffrit mort &amp; passion pour touz pecheurs et pour toutes pechercesses [ ] de la mort denfer. Douce dame priez li que la mort q'il souffrit me delivre de touz mes pechiez &amp; de la mort denfer. Amen. Ave Maria.&#13;
&#13;
Verso Transcription: &#13;
&#13;
E tres douce dame pour icelle grant joie que vous eustes au jour de pasques quant vostre dous fis resuscitata de mort a vie. Douce dame priez li qu'ie puisse resusciter au jour dou rugement pour le sauuement de mame. Amen. Ave Maria.&#13;
&#13;
E tres douce dame pour icelle grant joie que vous eustes au jour de lascension quant voustre dous fis monta es cieulz. Douce dame priez li que li taue ap's [ ] mon cuer a lu'y amer &amp; ser&#13;
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                <text> France; Late 14th Century. Latin Text; Gothic Script.&#13;
&#13;
The Psalter with its one hundred and fifty psalms is the best collection of religious lyrics which the world possesses. It is no wonder, therefore, that it forms an important part of so many medieval manuscripts. The Psalms are found not only in manuscripts of the Bible, but also in Missals, Breviaries, and Books of Hours; and, as they had to be memorized by the priests, they were also transcribed separately. In the earlier periods there was generally a harmonious unity between the spirit of the ornament and the character of the writing. This unity is exemplified in this leaf. The three-lobed, gracefully drawn, symmetrical fronds of leaves in the ornament are usually accepted without question as representing the ivy plant. In the Middle Ages many magical and medicinal qualities were attributed to this plant.&#13;
&#13;
Unfortunately, fire and water, mice and men have in the course of the centuries often left their damaging marks on manuscript leaves. Some pages of this manuscript book show the effect of having been exposed to dampness. &#13;
&#13;
Some of the leaves from this manuscript contain text in French--this is one of only a few manuscripts in the Ege portfolio not entirely in Latin. Ege is incorrect in identifying this leaf as coming from a Psalter: it is clearly from a Book of Hours. The vellum is thick and dirty, and has been cut or torn across the top edge. The lining is done in ink, with the primary text in brown and blue, orange, and white in the decoration. There are large illuminated initials with painted blocks. In the left margin on both sides is a large gold and blue bar with pointed ivy, and the decoration bleeds through to the opposite side of the leaf.&#13;
&#13;
Text: The later (usually numbered as 11-14) of the 15 Joys of the Virgin, in Old French.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Item in public domain. Description provided by Dr. Fred Porcheddu-Engel via the Otto F. Ege digital collection. &lt;a href="http://ege.denison.edu/dension_leaf_25.php"&gt;http://ege.denison.edu/dension_leaf_25.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Reconstruction Note: In Ege's original manuscript, this leaf was separated by one leaf (not yet located) from what is now Leaf 25 in the Cleveland Public Library portfolio; the latter directly followed Leaf 25 in the Cincinnati Public Library portfolio. The three (four) leaves contain nearly all of the 15 Joys of the Virgin.</text>
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